TY - JOUR
T1 - Gamma-Mobile-Trio systems are mobile elements rich in bacterial defensive and offensive tools
AU - Mahata, Tridib
AU - Kanarek, Katarzyna
AU - Goren, Moran G.
AU - Marimuthu Ragavan, Rameshkumar
AU - Bosis, Eran
AU - Qimron, Udi
AU - Salomon, Dor
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature Limited 2024.
PY - 2024/12
Y1 - 2024/12
N2 - The evolutionary arms race between bacteria and phages led to the emergence of bacterial immune systems whose diversity and dynamics remain poorly understood. Here we use comparative genomics to describe a widespread genetic element, defined by the presence of the Gamma-Mobile-Trio (GMT) proteins, that serves as a reservoir of offensive and defensive tools. We demonstrate, using Vibrio parahaemolyticus as a model, that GMT-containing genomic islands are active mobile elements. Furthermore, we show that GMT islands’ cargoes contain various anti-phage defence systems, antibacterial type VI secretion system (T6SS) effectors and antibiotic-resistance genes. We reveal four anti-phage defence systems encoded within GMT islands and further characterize one system, GAPS1, showing it is triggered by a phage capsid protein to induce cell dormancy. Our findings underscore the need to broaden the concept of ‘defence islands’ to include defensive and offensive tools, as both share the same mobile elements for dissemination.
AB - The evolutionary arms race between bacteria and phages led to the emergence of bacterial immune systems whose diversity and dynamics remain poorly understood. Here we use comparative genomics to describe a widespread genetic element, defined by the presence of the Gamma-Mobile-Trio (GMT) proteins, that serves as a reservoir of offensive and defensive tools. We demonstrate, using Vibrio parahaemolyticus as a model, that GMT-containing genomic islands are active mobile elements. Furthermore, we show that GMT islands’ cargoes contain various anti-phage defence systems, antibacterial type VI secretion system (T6SS) effectors and antibiotic-resistance genes. We reveal four anti-phage defence systems encoded within GMT islands and further characterize one system, GAPS1, showing it is triggered by a phage capsid protein to induce cell dormancy. Our findings underscore the need to broaden the concept of ‘defence islands’ to include defensive and offensive tools, as both share the same mobile elements for dissemination.
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85207003651&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1038/s41564-024-01840-5
DO - 10.1038/s41564-024-01840-5
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C2 - 39443754
AN - SCOPUS:85207003651
SN - 2058-5276
VL - 9
SP - 3268
EP - 3283
JO - Nature Microbiology
JF - Nature Microbiology
IS - 12
ER -
