Gaia Data Release 3: The Galaxy in your preferred colours: Synthetic photometry from Gaia low-resolution spectra

P. Montegriffo, M. Bellazzini*, F. De Angeli, R. Andrae, M. A. Barstow, D. Bossini, A. Bragaglia, P. W. Burgess, C. Cacciari, J. M. Carrasco, N. Chornay, L. Delchambre, D. W. Evans, M. Fouesneau, Y. Frémat, D. Garabato, C. Jordi, M. Manteiga, D. Massari, L. PalaversaE. Pancino, M. Riello, D. Ruz Mieres, N. Sanna, R. Santoveña, R. Sordo, A. Vallenari, N. A. Walton, A. G.A. Brown, T. Prusti, J. H.J. De Bruijne, F. Arenou, C. Babusiaux, M. Biermann, O. L. Creevey, C. Ducourant, L. Eyer, R. Guerra, A. Hutton, S. A. Klioner, U. L. Lammers, L. Lindegren, X. Luri, F. Mignard, C. Panem, D. Pourbaix, S. Randich, P. Sartoretti, C. Soubiran, P. Tanga, C. A.L. Bailer-Jones, U. Bastian, R. Drimmel, F. Jansen, D. Katz, M. G. Lattanzi, F. Van Leeuwen, J. Bakker, J. Castañeda, C. Fabricius, L. Galluccio, A. Guerrier, U. Heiter, E. Masana, R. Messineo, N. Mowlavi, C. Nicolas, K. Nienartowicz, F. Pailler, P. Panuzzo, F. Riclet, W. Roux, G. M. Seabroke, F. Thévenin, G. Gracia-Abril, J. Portell, D. Teyssier, M. Altmann, M. Audard, I. Bellas-Velidis, K. Benson, J. Berthier, R. Blomme, D. Busonero, G. Busso, H. Cánovas, B. Carry, A. Cellino, N. Cheek, G. Clementini, Y. Damerdji, M. Davidson, P. De Teodoro, M. Nuñez Campos, A. Dell Oro, P. Esquej, J. Fernández-Hernández, E. Fraile, P. García-Lario, E. Gosset, R. Haigron, J. L. Halbwachs, N. C. Hambly, D. L. Harrison, J. Hernández, D. Hestroffer, S. T. Hodgkin, B. Holl, K. JanãEn, G. Jevardat De Fombelle, S. Jordan, A. Krone-Martins, A. C. Lanzafame, W. Löffler, O. Marchal, P. M. Marrese, A. Moitinho, K. Muinonen, P. Osborne, T. Pauwels, A. Recio-Blanco, C. Reylé, L. Rimoldini, T. Roegiers, J. Rybizki, L. M. Sarro, C. Siopis, M. Smith, A. Sozzetti, E. Utrilla, M. Van Leeuwen, U. Abbas, P. Ábrahám, A. Abreu Aramburu, C. Aerts, J. J. Aguado, M. Ajaj, F. Aldea-Montero, G. Altavilla, M. A. Álvarez, J. Alves, R. I. Anderson, E. Anglada Varela, T. Antoja, D. Baines, S. G. Baker, L. Balaguer-Núñez, E. Balbinot, Z. Balog, C. Barache, D. Barbato, M. Barros, S. Bartolomé, J. L. Bassilana, N. Bauchet, U. Becciani, A. Berihuete, M. Bernet, S. Bertone, L. Bianchi, A. Binnenfeld, S. Blanco-Cuaresma, T. Boch, A. Bombrun, S. Bouquillon, L. Bramante, E. Breedt, A. Bressan, N. Brouillet, E. Brugaletta, B. Bucciarelli, A. Burlacu, A. G. Butkevich, R. Buzzi, E. Caffau, R. Cancelliere, T. Cantat-Gaudin, R. Carballo, T. Carlucci, M. I. Carnerero, L. Casamiquela, M. Castellani, A. Castro-Ginard, L. Chaoul, P. Charlot, L. Chemin, V. Chiaramida, A. Chiavassa, G. Comoretto, G. Contursi, W. J. Cooper, T. Cornez, S. Cowell, F. Crifo, M. Cropper, M. Crosta, C. Crowley, C. Dafonte, A. Dapergolas, P. David, P. De Laverny, F. De Luise, R. De March, J. De Ridder, R. De Souza, A. De Torres, E. F. Del Peloso, E. Del Pozo, M. Delbo, A. Delgado, J. B. Delisle, C. Demouchy, T. E. Dharmawardena, S. Diakite, C. Diener, E. Distefano, C. Dolding, H. Enke, C. Fabre, M. Fabrizio, S. Faigler, G. Fedorets, P. Fernique, F. Figueras, Y. Fournier, C. Fouron, F. Fragkoudi, M. Gai, A. Garcia-Gutierrez, M. Garcia-Reinaldos, M. García-Torres, A. Garofalo, A. Gavel, P. Gavras, E. Gerlach, R. Geyer, P. Giacobbe, G. Gilmore, S. Girona, G. Giuffrida, R. Gomel, A. Gomez, J. González-Núñez, I. González-Santamaría, J. J. González-Vidal, M. Granvik, P. Guillout, J. Guiraud, R. Gutiérrez-Sánchez, L. P. Guy, D. Hatzidimitriou, M. Hauser, M. Haywood, A. Helmer, A. Helmi, M. H. Sarmiento, S. L. Hidalgo, N. Håadczuk, D. Hobbs, G. Holland, H. E. Huckle, K. Jardine, G. Jasniewicz, A. Jean-Antoine Piccolo, Jiménez-Arranz, J. Juaristi Campillo, F. Julbe, L. Karbevska, P. Kervella, S. Khanna, G. Kordopatis, A. J. Korn, Kóspál, Z. Kostrzewa-Rutkowska, K. Kruszynska, M. Kun, P. Laizeau, S. Lambert, A. F. Lanza, Y. Lasne, J. F. Le Campion, Y. Lebreton, T. Lebzelter, S. Leccia, N. Leclerc, I. Lecoeur-Taibi, S. Liao, E. L. Licata, H. E.P. Lindstróm, T. A. Lister, E. Livanou, A. Lobel, A. Lorca, C. Loup, P. Madrero Pardo, A. Magdaleno Romeo, S. Managau, R. G. Mann, J. M. Marchant, M. Marconi, J. Marcos, M. M.S. Marcos Santos, D. Marín Pina, S. Marinoni, F. Marocco, D. J. Marshall, L. Martin Polo, J. M. Martín-Fleitas, G. Marton, N. Mary, A. Masip, A. Mastrobuono-Battisti, T. Mazeh, P. J. McMillan, S. Messina, D. Michalik, N. R. Millar, A. Mints, D. Molina, R. Molinaro, L. Molnár, G. Monari, M. Monguió, A. Montero, R. Mor, A. Mora, R. Morbidelli, T. Morel, D. Morris, T. Muraveva, C. P. Murphy, I. Musella, Z. Nagy, L. Noval, F. Ocaña, A. Ogden, C. Ordenovic, J. O. Osinde, C. Pagani, I. Pagano, P. A. Palicio, L. Pallas-Quintela, A. Panahi, S. Payne-Wardenaar, X. Peñalosa Esteller, A. Penttilä, B. Pichon, A. M. Piersimoni, F. X. Pineau, E. Plachy, G. Plum, E. Poggio, A. Prša, L. Pulone, E. Racero, S. Ragaini, M. Rainer, C. M. Raiteri, P. Ramos, M. Ramos-Lerate, P. Re Fiorentin, S. Regibo, P. J. Richards, C. Rios Diaz, V. Ripepi, A. Riva, H. W. Rix, G. Rixon, N. Robichon, A. C. Robin, C. Robin, M. Roelens, H. R.O. Rogues, L. Rohrbasser, M. Romero-Gómez, N. Rowell, F. Royer, K. A. Rybicki, G. Sadowski, A. Sáez Núñez, A. Sagristà Sellés, J. Sahlmann, E. Salguero, N. Samaras, V. Sanchez Gimenez, M. Sarasso, M. S. Schultheis, E. Sciacca, M. Segol, J. C. Segovia, D. Ségransan, D. Semeux, S. Shahaf, H. I. Siddiqui, A. Siebert, L. Siltala, A. Silvelo, E. Slezak, I. Slezak, R. L. Smart, O. N. Snaith, E. Solano, F. Solitro, D. Souami, J. Souchay, A. Spagna, L. Spina, F. Spoto, I. A. Steele, H. Steidelmüller, C. A. Stephenson, M. Süveges, J. Surdej, L. Szabados, E. Szegedi-Elek, F. Taris, M. B. Taylor, R. Teixeira, L. Tolomei, N. Tonello, F. Torra, J. Torra, G. Torralba Elipe, M. Trabucchi, A. T. Tsounis, C. Turon, A. Ulla, N. Unger, M. V. Vaillant, E. Van Dillen, W. Van Reeven, O. Vanel, A. Vecchiato, Y. Viala, D. Vicente, S. Voutsinas, T. Wevers, L. Wyrzykowski, A. Yoldas, P. Yvard, H. Zhao, J. Zorec, S. Zucker, T. Zwitter

*Corresponding author for this work

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

71 Scopus citations

Abstract

Gaia Data Release 3 provides novel flux-calibrated low-resolution spectrophotometry for '220 million sources in the wavelength range 330 nm ≤ λ ≤ 1050 nm (XP spectra). Synthetic photometry directly tied to a flux in physical units can be obtained from these spectra for any passband fully enclosed in this wavelength range. We describe how synthetic photometry can be obtained from XP spectra, illustrating the performance that can be achieved under a range of different conditions - for example passband width and wavelength range - as well as the limits and the problems affecting it. Existing top-quality photometry can be reproduced within a few per cent over a wide range of magnitudes and colour, for wide and medium bands, and with up to millimag accuracy when synthetic photometry is standardised with respect to these external sources. Some examples of potential scientific application are presented, including the detection of multiple populations in globular clusters, the estimation of metallicity extended to the very metal-poor regime, and the classification of white dwarfs. A catalogue providing standardised photometry for 2.2×108sources in several wide bands of widely used photometric systems is provided (Gaia Synthetic Photometry Catalogue; GSPC) as well as a catalogue of '105 white dwarfs with DA/non-DA classification obtained with a Random Forest algorithm (Gaia Synthetic Photometry Catalogue for White Dwarfs; GSPC-WD).

Original languageEnglish
Article numberA33
JournalAstronomy and Astrophysics
Volume674
DOIs
StatePublished - 1 Jun 2023

Funding

FundersFunder number
European Commission
Seventh Framework Programme895174, 320360, 716155, 745617, 606740, 682115, 264895, 834148, 687378, 647208, 1238877, 695099
National Science Foundation1238877
Australian Research CouncilLE130100104
UK Research and InnovationST/S001948/1
Fundação para a Ciência e a TecnologiaSFRH/BD/128840/2017
Not addedP 20046, T 359
Not added614.061.414
Horizon 2020 Framework Programme951549
Schweizerischer Nationalfonds zur Förderung der Wissenschaftlichen Forschung194638
Agence Nationale de la RechercheANR-15-CE31-0012

    Keywords

    • Catalogs
    • Galaxy: general
    • Stars: general
    • Surveys
    • Techniques: photometric
    • Techniques: spectroscopic

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