TY - JOUR
T1 - Forces of Change
T2 - Optical Tweezers in Membrane Remodeling Studies
AU - Cheppali, Sudheer K.
AU - Dharan, Raviv
AU - Sorkin, Raya
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2022, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature.
PY - 2022/12
Y1 - 2022/12
N2 - Abstract: Optical tweezers allow precise measurement of forces and distances with piconewton and nanometer precision, and have thus been instrumental in elucidating the mechanistic details of various biological processes. Some examples include the characterization of motor protein activity, studies of protein–DNA interactions, and characterizing protein folding trajectories. The use of optical tweezers (OT) to study membranes is, however, much less abundant. Here, we review biophysical studies of membranes that utilize optical tweezers, with emphasis on various assays that have been developed and their benefits and limitations. First, we discuss assays that employ membrane-coated beads, and overview protein–membrane interactions studies based on manipulation of such beads. We further overview a body of studies that make use of a very powerful experimental tool, the combination of OT, micropipette aspiration, and fluorescence microscopy, that allow detailed studies of membrane curvature generation and sensitivity. Finally, we describe studies focused on membrane fusion and fission. We then summarize the overall progress in the field and outline future directions. Graphical abstract: [Figure not available: see fulltext.].
AB - Abstract: Optical tweezers allow precise measurement of forces and distances with piconewton and nanometer precision, and have thus been instrumental in elucidating the mechanistic details of various biological processes. Some examples include the characterization of motor protein activity, studies of protein–DNA interactions, and characterizing protein folding trajectories. The use of optical tweezers (OT) to study membranes is, however, much less abundant. Here, we review biophysical studies of membranes that utilize optical tweezers, with emphasis on various assays that have been developed and their benefits and limitations. First, we discuss assays that employ membrane-coated beads, and overview protein–membrane interactions studies based on manipulation of such beads. We further overview a body of studies that make use of a very powerful experimental tool, the combination of OT, micropipette aspiration, and fluorescence microscopy, that allow detailed studies of membrane curvature generation and sensitivity. Finally, we describe studies focused on membrane fusion and fission. We then summarize the overall progress in the field and outline future directions. Graphical abstract: [Figure not available: see fulltext.].
KW - Membrane biophysics
KW - Membrane remodeling
KW - Membrane shaping
KW - Optical tweezers
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85130727524&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1007/s00232-022-00241-1
DO - 10.1007/s00232-022-00241-1
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C2 - 35616705
AN - SCOPUS:85130727524
SN - 0022-2631
VL - 255
SP - 677
EP - 690
JO - Journal of Membrane Biology
JF - Journal of Membrane Biology
IS - 6
ER -