TY - JOUR
T1 - Flows of knowledge from universities and federal laboratories
T2 - Modeling the flow of patent citations over time and across institutional and geographic boundaries
AU - Jaffe, Adam B.
AU - Trajtenberg, Manuel
PY - 1996/11/12
Y1 - 1996/11/12
N2 - The extent to which new technological knowledge flows across institutional and national boundaries is a question of great importance for public policy and the modeling of economic growth. In this paper we develop a model of the process generating subsequent citations to patents as a lens for viewing knowledge diffusion. We find that the probability of patent citation over time after a patent is granted fits well to a double-exponential function that can be interpreted as the mixture of diffusion and obsolescense functions. The results indicate that diffusion is geographically localized. Controlling for other factors, within-country citations are inure numerous and come more quickly than those that cross country boundaries.
AB - The extent to which new technological knowledge flows across institutional and national boundaries is a question of great importance for public policy and the modeling of economic growth. In this paper we develop a model of the process generating subsequent citations to patents as a lens for viewing knowledge diffusion. We find that the probability of patent citation over time after a patent is granted fits well to a double-exponential function that can be interpreted as the mixture of diffusion and obsolescense functions. The results indicate that diffusion is geographically localized. Controlling for other factors, within-country citations are inure numerous and come more quickly than those that cross country boundaries.
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=0029803911&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1073/pnas.93.23.12671
DO - 10.1073/pnas.93.23.12671
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AN - SCOPUS:0029803911
SN - 0027-8424
VL - 93
SP - 12671
EP - 12677
JO - Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
JF - Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
IS - 23
ER -
