Flooding in inclined pipes — Effect of entrance section

Flooding in countercurrent flow of air and water in inclined tubes has been investigated. Data on flooding inception in the whole range of inclinations have been collected and predictive models for calculating the flooding conditions as a function of the flow rates and pipe inclination were proposed. Special attention is placed on the effect of the liquid injection mode. It has been shown that the porous injection system causes a local disturbance and enhances flooding at relatively shallow inclinations and high liquid flow rates.