TY - JOUR
T1 - Fecal microbiome composition in neonates with or without urinary tract infection
AU - Bahat, Hilla
AU - Paret, Michal
AU - Uzan, Atara
AU - Klainer, Hodaya
AU - Sharon, Efrat
AU - Turjeman, Sondra
AU - Koren, Omry
AU - Goldman, Michael
AU - Youngster, Ilan
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© The Author(s) 2024.
PY - 2024
Y1 - 2024
N2 - Background: Most infants with febrile urinary tract infection (UTI) do not have an underlying anatomical risk factor. Thus, other non-anatomical risk factors should be considered. Since the most common pathogens arise from the fecal microbiota, our aim was to investigate whether the gut microbiota composition differs between febrile infants younger than 2 months with or without UTI. Methods: In this prospective, case–control, pilot study, we performed 16S ribosomal ribonucleic acid amplicon sequencing to characterize gut microbiota of febrile neonates with and without UTI admitted to the pediatric ward at Shamir Medical Center between February 2019 and May 2021. Results: The study cohort included 42 febrile neonates: 17 with and 25 without febrile UTI. We found a significant difference in beta diversity (i.e. between-sample/study group similarity indices) between the UTI and non-UTI group (p = 0.016). There were also distinct differences in the relative abundance of the 20 most prevalent genera. Furthermore, several genera were significantly enriched in the UTI group, with others dominating the non-UTI group. Streptococci were underrepresented in the UTI group. There was no difference in alpha diversity (i.e. within-sample diversity/richness) between groups. Conclusion: Febrile neonates with UTI have a different fecal microbiota composition (beta-diversity), but not alpha diversity, in comparison to febrile neonates without UTI. A larger study is warranted to confirm these findings and their potential applications. Graphical abstract: (Figure presented.)
AB - Background: Most infants with febrile urinary tract infection (UTI) do not have an underlying anatomical risk factor. Thus, other non-anatomical risk factors should be considered. Since the most common pathogens arise from the fecal microbiota, our aim was to investigate whether the gut microbiota composition differs between febrile infants younger than 2 months with or without UTI. Methods: In this prospective, case–control, pilot study, we performed 16S ribosomal ribonucleic acid amplicon sequencing to characterize gut microbiota of febrile neonates with and without UTI admitted to the pediatric ward at Shamir Medical Center between February 2019 and May 2021. Results: The study cohort included 42 febrile neonates: 17 with and 25 without febrile UTI. We found a significant difference in beta diversity (i.e. between-sample/study group similarity indices) between the UTI and non-UTI group (p = 0.016). There were also distinct differences in the relative abundance of the 20 most prevalent genera. Furthermore, several genera were significantly enriched in the UTI group, with others dominating the non-UTI group. Streptococci were underrepresented in the UTI group. There was no difference in alpha diversity (i.e. within-sample diversity/richness) between groups. Conclusion: Febrile neonates with UTI have a different fecal microbiota composition (beta-diversity), but not alpha diversity, in comparison to febrile neonates without UTI. A larger study is warranted to confirm these findings and their potential applications. Graphical abstract: (Figure presented.)
KW - Fecal microbiota
KW - Infant
KW - Urinary tract infection
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85210485209&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1007/s00467-024-06612-1
DO - 10.1007/s00467-024-06612-1
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C2 - 39607509
AN - SCOPUS:85210485209
SN - 0931-041X
JO - Pediatric Nephrology
JF - Pediatric Nephrology
ER -