TY - JOUR
T1 - Falls risk in relation to activity exposure in high-risk older adults
AU - Del Din, Silvia
AU - Galna, Brook
AU - Lord, Sue
AU - Nieuwboer, Alice
AU - Bekkers, Esther M.J.
AU - Pelosin, Elisa
AU - Avanzino, Laura
AU - Bloem, Bastiaan R.
AU - Rikkert, Marcel G.M.Olde
AU - Nieuwhof, Freek
AU - Cereatti, Andrea
AU - Croce, Ugo Della
AU - Mirelman, Anat
AU - Hausdorff, Jeffrey M.
AU - Rochester, Lynn
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© The Author(s) 2020.
PY - 2020/5/22
Y1 - 2020/5/22
N2 - Background: Physical activity is linked to many positive health outcomes, stimulating the development of exercise programs. However, many falls occur while walking and so promoting activity might paradoxically increase fall rates, causing injuries, and worse quality of life. The relationship between activity exposure and fall rates remains unclear. We investigated the relationship between walking activity (exposure to risk) and fall rates before and after an exercise program (V-TIME). Methods: One hundred and nine older fallers, 38 fallers with mild cognitive impairment (MCI), and 128 fallers with Parkinson's disease (PD) were randomly assigned to one of two active interventions: treadmill training only or treadmill training combined with a virtual reality component. Participants were tested before and after the interventions. Free-living walking activity was characterized by volume, pattern, and variability of ambulatory bouts using an accelerometer positioned on the lower back for 1 week. To evaluate that relationship between fall risk and activity, a normalized index was determined expressing fall rates relative to activity exposure (FRA index), with higher scores indicating a higher risk of falls per steps taken. Results: At baseline, the FRA index was higher for fallers with PD compared to those with MCI and older fallers. Walking activity did not change after the intervention for the groups but the FRA index decreased significantly for all groups (p = .035). Conclusions: This work showed that V-TIME interventions reduced falls risk without concurrent change in walking activity. We recommend using the FRA index in future fall prevention studies to better understand the nature of intervention programs.
AB - Background: Physical activity is linked to many positive health outcomes, stimulating the development of exercise programs. However, many falls occur while walking and so promoting activity might paradoxically increase fall rates, causing injuries, and worse quality of life. The relationship between activity exposure and fall rates remains unclear. We investigated the relationship between walking activity (exposure to risk) and fall rates before and after an exercise program (V-TIME). Methods: One hundred and nine older fallers, 38 fallers with mild cognitive impairment (MCI), and 128 fallers with Parkinson's disease (PD) were randomly assigned to one of two active interventions: treadmill training only or treadmill training combined with a virtual reality component. Participants were tested before and after the interventions. Free-living walking activity was characterized by volume, pattern, and variability of ambulatory bouts using an accelerometer positioned on the lower back for 1 week. To evaluate that relationship between fall risk and activity, a normalized index was determined expressing fall rates relative to activity exposure (FRA index), with higher scores indicating a higher risk of falls per steps taken. Results: At baseline, the FRA index was higher for fallers with PD compared to those with MCI and older fallers. Walking activity did not change after the intervention for the groups but the FRA index decreased significantly for all groups (p = .035). Conclusions: This work showed that V-TIME interventions reduced falls risk without concurrent change in walking activity. We recommend using the FRA index in future fall prevention studies to better understand the nature of intervention programs.
KW - Exercise
KW - Falls
KW - Parkinsons
KW - Physical activity
KW - Wearable Technology
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85085263828&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1093/gerona/glaa007
DO - 10.1093/gerona/glaa007
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C2 - 31942969
AN - SCOPUS:85085263828
SN - 1079-5006
VL - 75
SP - 1198
EP - 1205
JO - Journals of Gerontology - Series A Biological Sciences and Medical Sciences
JF - Journals of Gerontology - Series A Biological Sciences and Medical Sciences
IS - 6
ER -