Evaluation of the measurement properties of the parental perceptions of children’s exposure to tobacco smoke instrument translated and adapted to the Brazilian context

Given the need to measure parents’ perceptions of their children’s exposure to tobacco smoke, the Parental Perceptions of Children’s Exposure to Tobacco Smoke (PPE) instrument was developed and validated in Hebrew and later translated into English and Portuguese. The PPE has already been translated and adapted to the Brazilian context but a more robust sample is necessary to investigate the measurement properties. Thus, this study evaluated the measurement properties of the Brazilian version of the PPE instrument. Reliability and validity study were conducted with 161 parents with children up to 18 years of age. Perception of parental smoking status was investigated using analysis of variance. The instrument showed excellent reliability (Cronbach α = 0.92 and intraclass correlation coefficient = 0.91). The exploratory factor analysis identified 4 factors with a total accumulated variance of 71.6%. Confirmatory factor analysis validated this structure with 4 factors. It was necessary to exclude a question that presented low commonality. Analysis of variance demonstrated that nonsmoking and former smoking parents have similar scores, although they are higher than those of current smokers. Our findings provide evidence that the PPE version translated and adapted for the Brazilian context is a reliable and valid instrument. Thus, it can help us understand how parents cope with exposure to tobacco smoke. Abbreviations: ANOVA = analysis of variance, CFA = confirmatory factor analysis, COSMIN = COnsensus-based Standards for the Selection of Health Measurement INstruments, EFA = exploratory factor analysis, ICC = intraclass correlation coefficient, PPE = Parental Perceptions of Children’s Exposure to Tobacco Smoke, q = questions, THS = third-hand smoke.