Endodontal and periodontal aspects of root perforations

Root perforation is an artificial communication between the root canal system to supporting tooth tissues or to the oral cavity. The etiology of the perforation can be mechanical errors during dental procedures or pathological processes. Infection of the perforation site affects the prognosis of the treated root perforation, which is influenced by time between occurrence of the perforation and appropriate treatment, size, and location of the perforation. Careful treatment planning and operative techniques are imperative to prevent root perforations.