Efficient procedure of preparation and properties of long uniform G4-DNA nanowires

Here we describe a novel and efficient procedure for preparation of long uniform G4-DNA wires. The procedure includes (i) enzymatic synthesis of double-stranded DNA molecules consisting of long (up to 10,000 bases), continuous G strands and chains of complementary (dC)₂₀-oligonucleotides, poly(dG)-n(dC)₂₀; (ii) size exclusion HPLC separation of the G strands from the (dC)₂₀ oligonucleotides in 0.1 M NaOH; and (iii) folding of the purified G strands into G4-DNA structures by lowering the pH to 7.0. We show by atomic force microscopy (AFM) that the preparation procedure yielded G4-DNA wires with a uniform morphology and a narrow length distribution. The correlation between the total amount of nucleotides in the G strands and the contour length of the G4-DNA molecules estimated by AFM suggests monomolecular folding of the G strands into quadruplex structures. The folding takes place either in the presence or in the absence of stabilizing ions (K⁺ or Na⁺). The addition of these cations leads to a dramatic change in the circular dichroism spectrum of the G4-DNA.