Effect of non-erupted 3rd molars on distal roots and supporting structures of approximal teeth A radiographic survey of 202 cases

Root resorption of 2nd molars in proximity to non-erupted 3rd molars has been widely reported. The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence of root resorption in second molars adjacent to non-erupted third molars. Its association to age and gender of the patient, location and inclination of the non-erupted third molar and to distal bone support of the 2nd molars was analyzed. A radiographic survey of 202 periapical radiographs taken in patients with clinically missing third molars was conducted. 3 examiners independently evaluated the radiographs and only those cases where at least 2 observers agreed were included in this report. Statistical analysis was performed on 186 radiographs. Associations were analyzed with the Pearson χ² test. Radiographic evidence of root resorption was found in 45 2nd molars (24.2%) of which 12 (6.5%) showed moderate to complete root resorption. Non-erupted tooth apical position and mesio-inclination of 60° or more relative to the distal root of the second molar were significantly associated with root resorption (p=0.01368 and p=0.0194, respectively). Resorption was positively associated with age of patient (p=0.00606). These results may support early extraction of impacted 3rd molars especially in cases with a mesio-angulation of 60° or more and an apical location in proximity to the distal root of the 2nd molar.