TY - JOUR
T1 - Earliest cranio-encephalic trauma from the Levantine Middle Palaeolithic
T2 - 3D reappraisal of the Qafzeh 11 skull, consequences of pediatric brain damage on individual life condition and social care
AU - Coqueugniot, Hélène
AU - Dutour, Olivier
AU - Arensburg, Baruch
AU - Duday, Henri
AU - Vandermeersch, Bernard
AU - Tillier, Anne Marie
N1 - Funding Information:
This study was made possible by the field work done at Qafzeh Cave by a team led by one of us (B.V.) and supported by the French Ministry of Foreign Affairs. We are deeply grateful to Professor I. Hershkovitz (Tel Aviv University), for access to the fossil, and technical assistance. We thank Professor N. Peled (Carmel Medical Center, Haifa, Israel) for providing helpful technical support for access to the medical scanner. Thanks are also due to V. Slon (Tel Aviv University) for help in collecting digital data. The authors are greatly indebted to B. Dutailly (UMR 5199 PACEA) who has developed TIVMI software program for anthropology, helped and advised us constantly throughout the development of this work.
PY - 2014/7/23
Y1 - 2014/7/23
N2 - The Qafzeh site (Lower Galilee, Israel) has yielded the largest Levantine hominin collection from Middle Palaeolithic layers which were dated to circa 90-100 kyrs BP or to marine isotope stage 5b-c. Within the hominin sample, Qafzeh 11, circa 12-13 yrs old at death, presents a skull lesion previously attributed to a healed trauma. Three dimensional imaging methods allowed us to better explore this lesion which appeared as being a frontal bone depressed fracture, associated with brain damage. Furthermore the endocranial volume, smaller than expected for dental age, supports the hypothesis of a growth delay due to traumatic brain injury. This trauma did not affect the typical human brain morphology pattern of the right frontal and left occipital petalia. It is highly probable that this young individual suffered from personality and neurological troubles directly related to focal cerebral damage. Interestingly this young individual benefited of a unique funerary practice among the south-western Asian burials dated to Middle Palaeolithic.
AB - The Qafzeh site (Lower Galilee, Israel) has yielded the largest Levantine hominin collection from Middle Palaeolithic layers which were dated to circa 90-100 kyrs BP or to marine isotope stage 5b-c. Within the hominin sample, Qafzeh 11, circa 12-13 yrs old at death, presents a skull lesion previously attributed to a healed trauma. Three dimensional imaging methods allowed us to better explore this lesion which appeared as being a frontal bone depressed fracture, associated with brain damage. Furthermore the endocranial volume, smaller than expected for dental age, supports the hypothesis of a growth delay due to traumatic brain injury. This trauma did not affect the typical human brain morphology pattern of the right frontal and left occipital petalia. It is highly probable that this young individual suffered from personality and neurological troubles directly related to focal cerebral damage. Interestingly this young individual benefited of a unique funerary practice among the south-western Asian burials dated to Middle Palaeolithic.
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=84904675522&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1371/journal.pone.0102822
DO - 10.1371/journal.pone.0102822
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C2 - 25054798
AN - SCOPUS:84904675522
SN - 1932-6203
VL - 9
JO - PLoS ONE
JF - PLoS ONE
IS - 7
M1 - e102822
ER -