TY - JOUR
T1 - Diurnal oscillation in vasoactive intestinal peptide gene expression independent of environmental light entraining
AU - Glazer, R.
AU - Gozes, I.
PY - 1994/4/25
Y1 - 1994/4/25
N2 - Vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) is a neuromodulator and secretagogue for neuronal survival factors. Moreover, in the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) of mature animals, where the circadian clock resides, day-night cycles are paralleled by rhythmical alteration in the levels of the mRNA encoding VIP. We now show, for the first time, that diurnal oscillation in VIP mRNA occurred in animals reared in the dark and also preceded eye opening. Thus, by Northern blot hybridization elevated levels of VIP mRNA were measured at night time as compared to day time. Furthermore, diurnal oscillation in VIP mRNA were more pronounced in rats reared in the dark. These observations suggested an endogenous as well as exogenous (environmental) control of VIP gene expression in the SCN and implicated VIP as an integral part of the circadian clock.
AB - Vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) is a neuromodulator and secretagogue for neuronal survival factors. Moreover, in the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) of mature animals, where the circadian clock resides, day-night cycles are paralleled by rhythmical alteration in the levels of the mRNA encoding VIP. We now show, for the first time, that diurnal oscillation in VIP mRNA occurred in animals reared in the dark and also preceded eye opening. Thus, by Northern blot hybridization elevated levels of VIP mRNA were measured at night time as compared to day time. Furthermore, diurnal oscillation in VIP mRNA were more pronounced in rats reared in the dark. These observations suggested an endogenous as well as exogenous (environmental) control of VIP gene expression in the SCN and implicated VIP as an integral part of the circadian clock.
KW - Biological clock
KW - Development
KW - Suprachiasmatic nucleus
KW - Vasocative intestinal peptide
KW - mRNA
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=0028199674&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/0006-8993(94)90360-3
DO - 10.1016/0006-8993(94)90360-3
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AN - SCOPUS:0028199674
SN - 0006-8993
VL - 644
SP - 164
EP - 167
JO - Brain Research
JF - Brain Research
IS - 1
ER -