Development of the EEG from 5 months to 4 years of age

Peter J. Marshall; Yair Bar-Haim; Nathan A. Fox

doi:10.1016/S1388-2457(02)00163-3

Development of the EEG from 5 months to 4 years of age

Peter J. Marshall^*, Yair Bar-Haim, Nathan A. Fox

^*Corresponding author for this work

School of Psychological Sciences

University of Maryland, College Park

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

485 Scopus citations

Abstract

Objectives: This report provides a systematic longitudinal analysis of the EEG from infancy into early childhood. Particular emphasis is placed on the empirical confirmation of a 6-9Hz alpha-range frequency band that has previously been used in the infant EEG literature. Methods: EEG data in 1-Hz bins from 3 to 12Hz were analyzed from a longitudinal sample of 29 participants at 5, 10, 14, 24, and 51 months of age. Results: Inspection of power spectra averaged across the whole sample indicated the emergence of a peak in the 6-9Hz range across multiple scalp regions. Coding of peaks in the power spectra of individual infants showed a clear developmental increase in the frequency of this peak. A rhythm in the 6-9Hz emerged at central sites that was independent of the classical alpha rhythm at posterior sites. The relative amplitude of this central rhythm peaked in the second year of life, when major changes are occurring in locomotor behavior. Conclusions: The 6-9 Hz band is a useful alpha-range band from the end of the first year of life into early childhood. The findings also complement other research relating the infant central rhythm with the adult sensorimotor mu rhythm.

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	1199-1208
Number of pages	10
Journal	Clinical Neurophysiology
Volume	113
Issue number	8
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1016/S1388-2457(02)00163-3
State	Published - 2002

Funding

Funders	Funder number
National Institute of Health	32666, 17899
John D. and Catherine T. MacArthur Foundation
Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development	R37HD017899

Keywords

Alpha rhythm
Development
Electroencephalogram
Infant
Mu rhythm

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10.1016/S1388-2457(02)00163-3

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title = "Development of the EEG from 5 months to 4 years of age",

abstract = "Objectives: This report provides a systematic longitudinal analysis of the EEG from infancy into early childhood. Particular emphasis is placed on the empirical confirmation of a 6-9Hz alpha-range frequency band that has previously been used in the infant EEG literature. Methods: EEG data in 1-Hz bins from 3 to 12Hz were analyzed from a longitudinal sample of 29 participants at 5, 10, 14, 24, and 51 months of age. Results: Inspection of power spectra averaged across the whole sample indicated the emergence of a peak in the 6-9Hz range across multiple scalp regions. Coding of peaks in the power spectra of individual infants showed a clear developmental increase in the frequency of this peak. A rhythm in the 6-9Hz emerged at central sites that was independent of the classical alpha rhythm at posterior sites. The relative amplitude of this central rhythm peaked in the second year of life, when major changes are occurring in locomotor behavior. Conclusions: The 6-9 Hz band is a useful alpha-range band from the end of the first year of life into early childhood. The findings also complement other research relating the infant central rhythm with the adult sensorimotor mu rhythm.",

keywords = "Alpha rhythm, Development, Electroencephalogram, Infant, Mu rhythm",

author = "Marshall, {Peter J.} and Yair Bar-Haim and Fox, {Nathan A.}",

note = "Funding Information: We wish to thank all those people who helped with recruitment of the families and collection of the data, and we would especially like to thank the parents of the children who participated in the study. Many thanks to Sean Flanagan for assistance with peak coding and figures. This research was partially supported by a grant from the John D. and Catherine T. MacArthur Foundation and by grants from the National Institute of Health (HD# 32666 and HD# 17899) to N.A.F.",

year = "2002",

doi = "10.1016/S1388-2457(02)00163-3",

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journal = "Clinical Neurophysiology",

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AU - Marshall, Peter J.

AU - Bar-Haim, Yair

AU - Fox, Nathan A.

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PY - 2002

Y1 - 2002

N2 - Objectives: This report provides a systematic longitudinal analysis of the EEG from infancy into early childhood. Particular emphasis is placed on the empirical confirmation of a 6-9Hz alpha-range frequency band that has previously been used in the infant EEG literature. Methods: EEG data in 1-Hz bins from 3 to 12Hz were analyzed from a longitudinal sample of 29 participants at 5, 10, 14, 24, and 51 months of age. Results: Inspection of power spectra averaged across the whole sample indicated the emergence of a peak in the 6-9Hz range across multiple scalp regions. Coding of peaks in the power spectra of individual infants showed a clear developmental increase in the frequency of this peak. A rhythm in the 6-9Hz emerged at central sites that was independent of the classical alpha rhythm at posterior sites. The relative amplitude of this central rhythm peaked in the second year of life, when major changes are occurring in locomotor behavior. Conclusions: The 6-9 Hz band is a useful alpha-range band from the end of the first year of life into early childhood. The findings also complement other research relating the infant central rhythm with the adult sensorimotor mu rhythm.

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Development of the EEG from 5 months to 4 years of age

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