TY - JOUR
T1 - Demystifying the extracellular matrix and its proteolytic remodeling in the brain
T2 - structural and functional insights
AU - Krishnaswamy, Venkat Raghavan
AU - Benbenishty, Amit
AU - Blinder, Pablo
AU - Sagi, Irit
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2019, Springer Nature Switzerland AG.
PY - 2019/8/1
Y1 - 2019/8/1
N2 - The extracellular matrix (ECM) plays diverse roles in several physiological and pathological conditions. In the brain, the ECM is unique both in its composition and in functions. Furthermore, almost all the cells in the central nervous system contribute to different aspects of this intricate structure. Brain ECM, enriched with proteoglycans and other small proteins, aggregate into distinct structures around neurons and oligodendrocytes. These special structures have cardinal functions in the normal functioning of the brain, such as learning, memory, and synapse regulation. In this review, we have compiled the current knowledge about the structure and function of important ECM molecules in the brain and their proteolytic remodeling by matrix metalloproteinases and other enzymes, highlighting the special structures they form. In particular, the proteoglycans in brain ECM, which are essential for several vital functions, are emphasized in detail.
AB - The extracellular matrix (ECM) plays diverse roles in several physiological and pathological conditions. In the brain, the ECM is unique both in its composition and in functions. Furthermore, almost all the cells in the central nervous system contribute to different aspects of this intricate structure. Brain ECM, enriched with proteoglycans and other small proteins, aggregate into distinct structures around neurons and oligodendrocytes. These special structures have cardinal functions in the normal functioning of the brain, such as learning, memory, and synapse regulation. In this review, we have compiled the current knowledge about the structure and function of important ECM molecules in the brain and their proteolytic remodeling by matrix metalloproteinases and other enzymes, highlighting the special structures they form. In particular, the proteoglycans in brain ECM, which are essential for several vital functions, are emphasized in detail.
KW - Brain
KW - Extracellular matrix
KW - Matrix remodeling
KW - Nodes of Ranvier
KW - Perineuronal nets
KW - Proteases
KW - Synapses
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85067049580&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1007/s00018-019-03182-6
DO - 10.1007/s00018-019-03182-6
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AN - SCOPUS:85067049580
SN - 1420-682X
VL - 76
SP - 3229
EP - 3248
JO - Cellular and Molecular Life Sciences
JF - Cellular and Molecular Life Sciences
IS - 16
ER -