TY - CHAP
T1 - Contracting the Host Range of Bacteriophage T7 Using a Continuous Evolution System
AU - Holtzman, Tzvi
AU - Nechooshtan, Ram
AU - Yosef, Ido
AU - Qimron, Udi
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2024.
PY - 2024
Y1 - 2024
N2 - Bacteriophage T7 is an intracellular virus that recognizes its host via tail and tail fiber proteins known as receptor-binding proteins (RBPs). The RBPs attach to a specific lipopolysaccharide (LPS) displayed on the host. While there are various reports of phage host range expansion resulting from mutations in the RBP encoding genes, there is little evidence for contraction of host range. Notably, most experimental systems have not monitored changes in host range in the presence of several hosts simultaneously. Here, we use a continuous evolution system to show that T7 phages grown in the presence of five restrictive strains and one permissive host, each with a different LPS, gradually cease to recognize the restrictive strains. Remarkably, this result was obtained in experiments with six different permissive hosts. The altered specificity is due to mutations in the RBPs as determined by gene sequencing. The results of using this system demonstrate a major role for RBPs in restricting the range of futile infections, and this process can be harnessed to reduce the host range in applications such as recognition and elimination of a specific bacterial serotype by bacteriophages.
AB - Bacteriophage T7 is an intracellular virus that recognizes its host via tail and tail fiber proteins known as receptor-binding proteins (RBPs). The RBPs attach to a specific lipopolysaccharide (LPS) displayed on the host. While there are various reports of phage host range expansion resulting from mutations in the RBP encoding genes, there is little evidence for contraction of host range. Notably, most experimental systems have not monitored changes in host range in the presence of several hosts simultaneously. Here, we use a continuous evolution system to show that T7 phages grown in the presence of five restrictive strains and one permissive host, each with a different LPS, gradually cease to recognize the restrictive strains. Remarkably, this result was obtained in experiments with six different permissive hosts. The altered specificity is due to mutations in the RBPs as determined by gene sequencing. The results of using this system demonstrate a major role for RBPs in restricting the range of futile infections, and this process can be harnessed to reduce the host range in applications such as recognition and elimination of a specific bacterial serotype by bacteriophages.
KW - Aseptic techniquesAseptic techniques
KW - Continuous evolution systemContinuous evolution system
KW - Continuous fermentation
KW - Permissive hostPermissive host
KW - Restrictive strainRestrictive strains
KW - Specialist phage
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85189061197&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1007/978-1-0716-3798-2_6
DO - 10.1007/978-1-0716-3798-2_6
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C2 - 38526725
AN - SCOPUS:85189061197
T3 - Methods in Molecular Biology
SP - 85
EP - 100
BT - Methods in Molecular Biology
PB - Humana Press Inc.
ER -