CK2 phosphorylation is required for regulation of syntaxin 1a activity in Ca2+-triggered release in neuroendocrine cells

Noa Barak-Broner, Dafna Singer-Lahat, Dodo Chikvashvili, Ilana Lotan*

*Corresponding author for this work

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

4 Scopus citations

Abstract

The polybasic juxtamembrane region (5RK) of the plasma membrane neuronal SNARE, syntaxin1A (Syx), was previously shown by us to act as a fusion clamp in PC12 cells, as charge neutralization of 5RK promotes spontaneous and inhibits Ca2+-triggered release. Using a Syx-based FRET probe (CSYS), we demonstrated that 5RK is required for a depolarization-induced Ca+2-dependent opening (close-to-open transition; CDO) of Syx, which involves the vesicular SNARE synaptobrevin2 and occurs concomitantly with Ca2+-triggered release. Here, we investigated the mechanism underlying the CDO requirement for 5RK and identified phosphorylation of Syx at Ser-14 (S14) by casein kinase 2 (CK2) as a crucial molecular determinant. Thus, following biochemical verification that both endogenous Syx and CSYS are constitutively S14 phosphorylated in PC12 cells, dynamic FRET analysis of phospho-null and phospho-mimetic mutants of CSYS and the use of a CK2 inhibitor revealed that the S14 phosphorylation confers the CDO requirement for 5RK. In accord, amperometric analysis of catecholamine release revealed that the phospho-null mutant does not support Ca2+-triggered release. These results identify a functionally important CK2 phosphorylation of Syx that is required for the 5RK-regulation of CDO and for concomitant Ca2+-triggered release. Further, also spontaneous release, conferred by charge neutralization of 5RK, was abolished in the phospho-null mutant.

Original languageEnglish
Article number13556
JournalInternational Journal of Molecular Sciences
Volume22
Issue number24
DOIs
StatePublished - 1 Dec 2021

Funding

FundersFunder number
Academy of Leisure Sciences1623/21

    Keywords

    • Amperometry
    • CK2 phosphorylation
    • Evoked release
    • Exocytosis
    • FRET
    • PC12 cells
    • Syntaxin

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