TY - JOUR
T1 - Citizenship and stratification in an ethnic democracy
AU - Shafir, Gershon
AU - Peled, Yoav
N1 - Funding Information:
This article is based on our forthcoming book, Between Colonialism and Democracy: The Multiple Faces of Israeli Citizenship. We would like to thank Boaz Neumann, Meir Shabat and Amit Ron for their research assistance, and the Israel Science Foundation, the Joint Committee on the Near and Middle East of the U.S. Social Science Research Council and the American Council of Learned Societies for their Žnancial assistance. Finally,w ewould like to thank the three anonymous referees for their comments and helpful suggestions.
PY - 1998/5
Y1 - 1998/5
N2 - A theoretical framework of multiple citizenship discourses is proposed for analysing the transformation of the structure of ethnic relations in the yishuv and Israel. An historical overview indicates how Israel's 'incorporation regime' for its main ethnic and religious groups - ashkenazim, mizrachim, Orthodox-Jews, citizen and non-citizen Palestinians - was constituted through a hierarchical combination of three citizenship discourses: a collectivist republican discourse, based on the civic virtue of 'pioneering' colonization; an ethno-nationalist discourse, based on Jewish descent, and an individualist liberal discourse, based on civic criteria of membership. It is suggested that Israel's historical trajectory has consisted in its gradual transformation from a colonial to a civil society, and concomitantly in the gradual replacement of its republican citizenship discourse by a liberal discourse. Finally, the dilemmas of its ethnic and religious groups in choosing between the liberal and the ethno-nationalist citizenship discourses in the current period are charted.
AB - A theoretical framework of multiple citizenship discourses is proposed for analysing the transformation of the structure of ethnic relations in the yishuv and Israel. An historical overview indicates how Israel's 'incorporation regime' for its main ethnic and religious groups - ashkenazim, mizrachim, Orthodox-Jews, citizen and non-citizen Palestinians - was constituted through a hierarchical combination of three citizenship discourses: a collectivist republican discourse, based on the civic virtue of 'pioneering' colonization; an ethno-nationalist discourse, based on Jewish descent, and an individualist liberal discourse, based on civic criteria of membership. It is suggested that Israel's historical trajectory has consisted in its gradual transformation from a colonial to a civil society, and concomitantly in the gradual replacement of its republican citizenship discourse by a liberal discourse. Finally, the dilemmas of its ethnic and religious groups in choosing between the liberal and the ethno-nationalist citizenship discourses in the current period are charted.
KW - Citizenship
KW - Ethnonationalism
KW - Israel
KW - Liberalism
KW - Palestinians
KW - Republican virtue
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=0031926929&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1080/014198798329883
DO - 10.1080/014198798329883
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AN - SCOPUS:0031926929
SN - 0141-9870
VL - 21
SP - 408
EP - 427
JO - Ethnic and Racial Studies
JF - Ethnic and Racial Studies
IS - 3
ER -