TY - JOUR
T1 - Cardio-vascular reserve index (CVRI) during exercise complies with the pattern assumed by the cardiovascular reserve hypothesis
AU - Segel, Michael J.
AU - Bobrovsky, Ben Zion
AU - Gabbay, Itay E.
AU - Ben-Dov, Issahar
AU - Reuveny, Ronen
AU - Gabbay, Uri
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2017 Elsevier B.V.
PY - 2017/5/1
Y1 - 2017/5/1
N2 - Objectives The Cardio-vascular reserve index (CVRI) had been empirically validated in diverse morbidities as a quantitative estimate of the reserve assumed by the cardiovascular reserve hypothesis. This work evaluates whether CVRI during exercise complies with the cardiovascular reserve hypothesis. Design Retrospective study based on a database of patients who underwent cardio-pulmonary exercise testing (CPX) for diverse indications. Methods Patient's physiological measurements were retrieved at four predefined CPX stages (rest, anaerobic threshold, peak exercise and after 2 min of recovery). CVRI was individually calculated retrospectively at each stage. Results Mean CVRI at rest was 0.81, significantly higher (p < 0.001) than at all other stages. CVRI decreased with exercise, reaching an average at peak exercise of 0.35, significant lower than at other stages (p < 0.001) and very similar regardless of exercise capacity (mean CVRI 0.33–0.37 in 4 groups classified by exercise capacity, p > 0.05). CVRI after 2 min of recovery rose considerably, most in the group with the best exercise capacity and least in those with the lowest exercise capacity. Conclusions CVRI during exercise fits the pattern predicted by the cardiovascular reserve hypothesis. CVRI decreased with exercise reaching a minimum at peak exercise and rising with recovery. The CVRI nadir at peak exercise, similar across groups classified by exercise capacity, complies with the assumed exhaustion threshold. The clinical utility of CVRI should be further evaluated.
AB - Objectives The Cardio-vascular reserve index (CVRI) had been empirically validated in diverse morbidities as a quantitative estimate of the reserve assumed by the cardiovascular reserve hypothesis. This work evaluates whether CVRI during exercise complies with the cardiovascular reserve hypothesis. Design Retrospective study based on a database of patients who underwent cardio-pulmonary exercise testing (CPX) for diverse indications. Methods Patient's physiological measurements were retrieved at four predefined CPX stages (rest, anaerobic threshold, peak exercise and after 2 min of recovery). CVRI was individually calculated retrospectively at each stage. Results Mean CVRI at rest was 0.81, significantly higher (p < 0.001) than at all other stages. CVRI decreased with exercise, reaching an average at peak exercise of 0.35, significant lower than at other stages (p < 0.001) and very similar regardless of exercise capacity (mean CVRI 0.33–0.37 in 4 groups classified by exercise capacity, p > 0.05). CVRI after 2 min of recovery rose considerably, most in the group with the best exercise capacity and least in those with the lowest exercise capacity. Conclusions CVRI during exercise fits the pattern predicted by the cardiovascular reserve hypothesis. CVRI decreased with exercise reaching a minimum at peak exercise and rising with recovery. The CVRI nadir at peak exercise, similar across groups classified by exercise capacity, complies with the assumed exhaustion threshold. The clinical utility of CVRI should be further evaluated.
KW - Anaerobic threshold
KW - Cardio-pulmonary exercise testing (CPX)
KW - Cardio-vascular reserve hypothesis
KW - Cardio-vascular reserve index (CVRI)
KW - Exercise capacity
KW - Peak exercise
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85014030745&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.ijcard.2017.02.081
DO - 10.1016/j.ijcard.2017.02.081
M3 - ???researchoutput.researchoutputtypes.contributiontojournal.article???
C2 - 28256325
AN - SCOPUS:85014030745
SN - 0167-5273
VL - 234
SP - 33
EP - 37
JO - International Journal of Cardiology
JF - International Journal of Cardiology
ER -