Byzance face à l'Islam arabe, VII^e-X^e siècle: D'un droit territorial à l'identité par la foi

In the 7th and 8th centuries, the Byzantine geopolitical map changes dramatically. The Empire finds itself reduced to a third of its territory and must adapt itself to a new international map, in which the main political rival, the Arabs, are also the religious rival. The article examines the impact of this new reality on the Byzantine population by focusing on the case of refugees and prisoners of war. It shows how the confrontation with Islam makes Byzantium use Christianity as the marker of its political identity.