BOUGUER GRAVITY DATA AND SATELLITE GRAVITY TRANSFORMATION INTEGRATION IN THE CASPIAN REGION: AN INTRODUCTION

Earth’s surface gravity measurements are essential (as close to the investigation targets) but insufficient. These measurements were carried out at different years, with various scales and accuracy and numerous white spots. The present epoch makes it possible to utilize various satellite gravity missions that have accomplished a great number of repetitions, the same grids, and the same accuracy. This paper considers satellite-derived data retracked to the Earth’s surface and transformed by various mathematical apparatuses. These data can be derived from the global Earth’s satellite data, mainly from the GRACE and GRACE-FO missions. The gravity gradient tensor Γ (the Marussi tensor) is a tensor of the second derivatives of the disturbing potential T of the gravity field model. This tensor was considered the centerpiece of traditional differential geodesy. It is analogous to the tidal deformation from geodesy and geophysics; one can imagine the direction of such a deformation due to “erosion” brought about solely by gravity. The strike angles usually show chaotic directions. We aim to detect where they are oriented dominantly in one prevailing direction (linearly or creating a halo around the object). Another applied gravitational parameter allows us to obtain the distribution of compressions and dilatations. The values may be used for detecting mainly subsurface structures: oil-gas fields, groundwater, and paleolakes. Integrating the conventional Bouguer gravity maps with satellite-derived gravity transformations will enable the generation of crucial physical-geodynamical and geological conclusions.