Abstract
Group 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2s) are essential to maintain tissue homeostasis. In cancer, ILC2s can harbor both pro-tumorigenic and anti-tumorigenic functions, but we know little about their underlying mechanisms or whether they could be clinically relevant or targeted to improve patient outcomes. Here, we found that high ILC2 infiltration in human melanoma was associated with a good clinical prognosis. ILC2s are critical producers of the cytokine granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor, which coordinates the recruitment and activation of eosinophils to enhance antitumor responses. Tumor-infiltrating ILC2s expressed programmed cell death protein-1, which limited their intratumoral accumulation, proliferation and antitumor effector functions. This inhibition could be overcome in vivo by combining interleukin-33-driven ILC2 activation with programmed cell death protein-1 blockade to significantly increase antitumor responses. Together, our results identified ILC2s as a critical immune cell type involved in melanoma immunity and revealed a potential synergistic approach to harness ILC2 function for antitumor immunotherapies.
Original language | English |
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Pages (from-to) | 851-864 |
Number of pages | 14 |
Journal | Nature Immunology |
Volume | 22 |
Issue number | 7 |
DOIs | |
State | Published - Jul 2021 |
Funding
Funders | Funder number |
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Allergan and Compugen | |
Australian Government NHMRC | |
CRISPR Therapeutics | |
Cancer Biology Research Center | |
Cure Cancer Australia | |
Melbourne Research Scholarship | |
Reid Charitable Trusts | |
Richard Eimert Research Fund on Solid Tumors | |
Roche Genentech | |
Walter and Eliza Hall Institute | |
Israel Cancer Research Fund | |
Bristol-Myers Squibb | |
Victorian Cancer Agency | |
John T. Reid Charitable Trusts | |
Merck Sharp and Dohme | |
Department of Health and Human Services, State Government of Victoria | |
Australian Government | |
Medical Research Council | U105178805 |
Medical Research Council | |
National Health and Medical Research Council | 1054925, 1135898, 1155342, 1122277, 1165443, 1154325, 1123000, 1113577, 1175134, 1140406, 1158024, 1196235 |
National Health and Medical Research Council | |
Cancer Council NSW | RG21-05 |
Cancer Council NSW | |
Cancer Australia | 1158085, 1163990 |
Cancer Australia | |
Cure Cancer Australia Foundation | GNT1163990 |
Cure Cancer Australia Foundation | |
Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft | 259332240/RTG 2099 |
Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft | |
United States-Israel Binational Science Foundation | 2015163 |
United States-Israel Binational Science Foundation | |
Israel Cancer Association | |
Israel Science Foundation | 886/15, 542/20 |
Israel Science Foundation | |
Fondation ARC pour la Recherche sur le Cancer | |
Tel Aviv University | |
State Government of Victoria | |
Cancer Biology Research Center, Tel Aviv University | |
Commonwealth Serum Laboratories |