TY - JOUR
T1 - BASS XXXII
T2 - Studying the Nuclear Millimeter-wave Continuum Emission of AGNs with ALMA at Scales ≲100-200 pc
AU - Kawamuro, Taiki
AU - Ricci, Claudio
AU - Imanishi, Masatoshi
AU - Mushotzky, Richard F.
AU - Izumi, Takuma
AU - Ricci, Federica
AU - Bauer, Franz E.
AU - Koss, Michael J.
AU - Trakhtenbrot, Benny
AU - Ichikawa, Kohei
AU - Rojas, Alejandra F.
AU - Smith, Krista Lynne
AU - Shimizu, Taro
AU - Oh, Kyuseok
AU - den Brok, Jakob S.
AU - Baba, Shunsuke
AU - Baloković, Mislav
AU - Chang, Chin Shin
AU - Kakkad, Darshan
AU - Pfeifle, Ryan W.
AU - Privon, George C.
AU - Temple, Matthew J.
AU - Ueda, Yoshihiro
AU - Harrison, Fiona
AU - Powell, Meredith C.
AU - Stern, Daniel
AU - Urry, Meg
AU - Sanders, David B.
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2022. The Author(s). Published by the American Astronomical Society.
PY - 2022/10/1
Y1 - 2022/10/1
N2 - To understand the origin of nuclear (≲100 pc) millimeter-wave (mm-wave) continuum emission in active galactic nuclei (AGNs), we systematically analyzed subarcsecond resolution Band-6 (211-275 GHz) Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array data of 98 nearby AGNs (z < 0.05) from the 70 month Swift/BAT catalog. The sample, almost unbiased for obscured systems, provides the largest number of AGNs to date with high mm-wave spatial resolution sampling (∼1-200 pc), and spans broad ranges of 14-150 keV luminosity { 40 < log [ L 14 − 150 / ( erg s − 1 ) ] < 45 }, black hole mass [ 5 < log ( M BH / M ⊙ ) < 10 ], and Eddington ratio ( − 4 < log λ Edd < 2 ). We find a significant correlation between 1.3 mm (230 GHz) and 14-150 keV luminosities. Its scatter is ≈0.36 dex, and the mm-wave emission may serve as a good proxy of the AGN luminosity, free of dust extinction up to NH ∼ 1026 cm−2. While the mm-wave emission could be self-absorbed synchrotron radiation around the X-ray corona according to past works, we also discuss different possible origins of the mm-wave emission: AGN-related dust emission, outflow-driven shocks, and a small-scale (<200 pc) jet. The dust emission is unlikely to be dominant, as the mm-wave slope is generally flatter than expected. Also, due to no increase in the mm-wave luminosity with the Eddington ratio, a radiation-driven outflow model is possibly not the common mechanism. Furthermore, we find independence of the mm-wave luminosity on indicators of the inclination angle from the polar axis of the nuclear structure, which is inconsistent with a jet model whose luminosity depends only on the angle.
AB - To understand the origin of nuclear (≲100 pc) millimeter-wave (mm-wave) continuum emission in active galactic nuclei (AGNs), we systematically analyzed subarcsecond resolution Band-6 (211-275 GHz) Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array data of 98 nearby AGNs (z < 0.05) from the 70 month Swift/BAT catalog. The sample, almost unbiased for obscured systems, provides the largest number of AGNs to date with high mm-wave spatial resolution sampling (∼1-200 pc), and spans broad ranges of 14-150 keV luminosity { 40 < log [ L 14 − 150 / ( erg s − 1 ) ] < 45 }, black hole mass [ 5 < log ( M BH / M ⊙ ) < 10 ], and Eddington ratio ( − 4 < log λ Edd < 2 ). We find a significant correlation between 1.3 mm (230 GHz) and 14-150 keV luminosities. Its scatter is ≈0.36 dex, and the mm-wave emission may serve as a good proxy of the AGN luminosity, free of dust extinction up to NH ∼ 1026 cm−2. While the mm-wave emission could be self-absorbed synchrotron radiation around the X-ray corona according to past works, we also discuss different possible origins of the mm-wave emission: AGN-related dust emission, outflow-driven shocks, and a small-scale (<200 pc) jet. The dust emission is unlikely to be dominant, as the mm-wave slope is generally flatter than expected. Also, due to no increase in the mm-wave luminosity with the Eddington ratio, a radiation-driven outflow model is possibly not the common mechanism. Furthermore, we find independence of the mm-wave luminosity on indicators of the inclination angle from the polar axis of the nuclear structure, which is inconsistent with a jet model whose luminosity depends only on the angle.
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85142164355&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.3847/1538-4357/ac8794
DO - 10.3847/1538-4357/ac8794
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AN - SCOPUS:85142164355
SN - 0004-637X
VL - 938
JO - Astrophysical Journal
JF - Astrophysical Journal
IS - 1
M1 - 87
ER -