TY - JOUR
T1 - Associations between community-level patterns of prenatal alcohol and tobacco exposure on brain structure in a non-clinical sample of 6-year-old children
T2 - a South African pilot study
AU - Uban, Kristina A.
AU - Jonker, Deborah
AU - Donald, Kirsten A.
AU - Bodison, Stefanie C.
AU - Brooks, Samantha J.
AU - Kan, Eric
AU - Steigelmann, Babette
AU - Roos, Annerine
AU - Marshall, Andrew
AU - Adise, Shana
AU - Butler-Kruger, Letitia
AU - Melly, Brigitte
AU - Narr, Katherine L.
AU - Joshi, Shantanu H.
AU - Odendaal, Hein J.
AU - Sowell, Elizabeth R.
AU - Stein, Dan J.
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© The Author(s), 2023. Published by Cambridge University Press on behalf of Scandinavian College of Neuropsychopharmacology. This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution licence (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted re-use, distribution and reproduction, provided the original article is properly cited.
PY - 2024/4/26
Y1 - 2024/4/26
N2 - The current small study utilised prospective data collection of patterns of prenatal alcohol and tobacco exposure (PAE and PTE) to examine associations with structural brain outcomes in 6-year-olds and served as a pilot to determine the value of prospective data describing community-level patterns of PAE and PTE in a non-clinical sample of children. Participants from the Safe Passage Study in pregnancy were approached when their child was ~6 years old and completed structural brain magnetic resonance imaging to examine with archived PAE and PTE data (n = 51 children-mother dyads). Linear regression was used to conduct whole-brain structural analyses, with false-discovery rate (FDR) correction, to examine: (a) main effects of PAE, PTE and their interaction; and (b) predictive potential of data that reflect patterns of PAE and PTE (e.g. quantity, frequency and timing (QFT)). Associations between PAE, PTE and their interaction with brain structural measures demonstrated unique profiles of cortical and subcortical alterations that were distinct between PAE only, PTE only and their interactive effects. Analyses examining associations between patterns of PAE and PTE (e.g. QFT) were able to significantly detect brain alterations (that survived FDR correction) in this small non-clinical sample of children. These findings support the hypothesis that considering QFT and co-exposures is important for identifying brain alterations following PAE and/or PTE in a small group of young children. Current results demonstrate that teratogenic outcomes on brain structure differ as a function PAE, PTE or their co-exposures, as well as the pattern (QFT) or exposure.
AB - The current small study utilised prospective data collection of patterns of prenatal alcohol and tobacco exposure (PAE and PTE) to examine associations with structural brain outcomes in 6-year-olds and served as a pilot to determine the value of prospective data describing community-level patterns of PAE and PTE in a non-clinical sample of children. Participants from the Safe Passage Study in pregnancy were approached when their child was ~6 years old and completed structural brain magnetic resonance imaging to examine with archived PAE and PTE data (n = 51 children-mother dyads). Linear regression was used to conduct whole-brain structural analyses, with false-discovery rate (FDR) correction, to examine: (a) main effects of PAE, PTE and their interaction; and (b) predictive potential of data that reflect patterns of PAE and PTE (e.g. quantity, frequency and timing (QFT)). Associations between PAE, PTE and their interaction with brain structural measures demonstrated unique profiles of cortical and subcortical alterations that were distinct between PAE only, PTE only and their interactive effects. Analyses examining associations between patterns of PAE and PTE (e.g. QFT) were able to significantly detect brain alterations (that survived FDR correction) in this small non-clinical sample of children. These findings support the hypothesis that considering QFT and co-exposures is important for identifying brain alterations following PAE and/or PTE in a small group of young children. Current results demonstrate that teratogenic outcomes on brain structure differ as a function PAE, PTE or their co-exposures, as well as the pattern (QFT) or exposure.
KW - brain structure
KW - children
KW - low-middle income country (LMIC)
KW - prenatal alcohol exposure (PAE)
KW - prenatal tobacco exposure (PTE)
KW - teratogen
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85147360328&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1017/neu.2022.34
DO - 10.1017/neu.2022.34
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C2 - 36700449
AN - SCOPUS:85147360328
SN - 0924-2708
VL - 36
SP - 87
EP - 96
JO - Acta Neuropsychiatrica
JF - Acta Neuropsychiatrica
IS - 2
ER -