TY - CHAP
T1 - Arterial elasticity in cardiovascular disease
T2 - Focus on hypertension, metabolic syndrome and diabetes
AU - Cernes, R.
AU - Zimlichman, R.
AU - Shargorodsky, M.
PY - 2008
Y1 - 2008
N2 - Arterial stiffness is an independent risk factor for premature cardiovascular morbidity and mortality that can be evaluated by noninvasive methods and can be reduced by good clinical management. The present chapter examines the association between arterial stiffness and cardiovascular risk factors including hypertension, metabolic syndrome, diabetes, advanced renal failure, hypercholesterolemia and obesity. The mechanisms responsible for the structural and functional modifications of the arterial wall are also described. We deal with parameters related to arterial compliance, focusing on two of them, pulse wave velocity and the augmentation index, useful in rapid assessment of arterial compliance by the bedside. Data that highlight the role of aortic pulse wave velocity and the augmentation index as independent factors in predicting fatal and nonfatal cardiovascular events in different populations are briefly presented. A number of lifestyle changes and traditional antihypertensive agents that improve arterial compliance are finally discussed. Novel therapies, such as statins, thiazolidindinediones, phosphodiesterase inhibitors and inhibitors or breakers of advanced glycation end product cross-links between colagen and elastin hold substantial promise.
AB - Arterial stiffness is an independent risk factor for premature cardiovascular morbidity and mortality that can be evaluated by noninvasive methods and can be reduced by good clinical management. The present chapter examines the association between arterial stiffness and cardiovascular risk factors including hypertension, metabolic syndrome, diabetes, advanced renal failure, hypercholesterolemia and obesity. The mechanisms responsible for the structural and functional modifications of the arterial wall are also described. We deal with parameters related to arterial compliance, focusing on two of them, pulse wave velocity and the augmentation index, useful in rapid assessment of arterial compliance by the bedside. Data that highlight the role of aortic pulse wave velocity and the augmentation index as independent factors in predicting fatal and nonfatal cardiovascular events in different populations are briefly presented. A number of lifestyle changes and traditional antihypertensive agents that improve arterial compliance are finally discussed. Novel therapies, such as statins, thiazolidindinediones, phosphodiesterase inhibitors and inhibitors or breakers of advanced glycation end product cross-links between colagen and elastin hold substantial promise.
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=43749083759&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1159/000115188
DO - 10.1159/000115188
M3 - פרק
C2 - 18230956
AN - SCOPUS:43749083759
SN - 9783805584272
T3 - Advances in Cardiology
SP - 65
EP - 81
BT - Cardiovascular Diabetology
A2 - Fisman, Enrique
A2 - Tenenbaum, Alexander
ER -