Aortic regurgitation following transcatheter aortic valve replacement: Impact of preprocedural left ventricular diastolic filling patterns on late clinical outcomes

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Abstract

Objectives To investigate the impact of preprocedural left ventricular (LV) diastolic function on outcomes of patients with postprocedural aortic regurgitation (ARpost) following transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR). Background The predictors and mechanisms of the increased mortality in patients with ARpost are inadequately defined. Methods Baseline clinical and echocardiographic variables from a prospective TAVR registry were analyzed. Preprocedural correlates of late outcomes (all-cause mortality and the composite of mortality, stroke, heart failure, and new-onset atrial fibrillation) were examined according to the presence and severity of ARpost. Results Of the 418 patients undergoing TAVR, ARpost was present in 212 (51%): mild 36%, moderate-severe 15%. Mean follow-up was 909 ± 489 days. All-cause mortality and composite endpoint rates were significantly increased in patients with moderate-severe ARpost compared with patients with either none or only mild ARpost (38, 22, 21%, P = 0.02; and, 56, 35, 40%, P = 0.01; respectively). Moderate-severe (though not mild) ARpost was independently associated with mortality and the composite endpoint (HR = 1.93 [95%CI 1.15-3.14], P = 0.01; HR = 1.85 [95%CI 1.22-2.77], P = 0.004], respectively). By multivariate analysis, preprocedural LV deceleration time (DT) < 160 ms was independently associated with the risk of all-cause mortality and the composite endpoint among patients with mild AR (HR = 1.74 [95%CI 1.14-2.60], P = 0.01; and, HR = 1.73 [95%CI 1.23-2.41], P = 0.002, respectively) and moderate-severe ARpost (HR = 1.81 [95%CI 1.28-2.51], P < 0.001; HR = 1.86 [95%CI 0.22-2.80], P = 0.004, respectively). Conclusions Preprocedural impairment of LV filling, reflected by short DT, portends an adverse prognosis in TAVR patients who develop ARpost independently of other clinical and echocardiocardigraphic measures including AS severity and systolic LV function.

Original languageEnglish
Pages (from-to)1156-1163
Number of pages8
JournalCatheterization and Cardiovascular Interventions
Volume87
Issue number6
DOIs
StatePublished - 1 May 2016

Keywords

  • aortic valve disease
  • diastolic dysfunction
  • transcatheter valve implantation

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