TY - JOUR
T1 - Antibacterial performance of composite containing quaternary ammonium silica (QASi) filler – A preliminary study
AU - Dekel-Steinkeller, Michal
AU - Weiss, Ervin I.
AU - Samovici, Trudi Lev Dor
AU - Abramovitz, Itzhak
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2022
PY - 2022/8
Y1 - 2022/8
N2 - Background: Antibacterial composite will have a significant clinical advantage in controlling caries. This study tests the antibacterial properties of a novel bulk-fill flowable composite (Infinx™, Nobio™ Ltd.) containing quaternary ammonium silica (QASi) filler particles. Methods: Infinix™ was tested in-vitro by the direct contact test (DCT), using E. faecalis or whole saliva as inoculum. A similar formula composite without QASi served as a control. In addition, composite test samples were polymerized on three volunteers' intact buccal enamel surfaces of mandibular first premolars in a split-mouth design experiment. Traditional composite served as control (Filtek Bulk Fill Flowable, 3M). Bacterial viability on the composite surfaces weres assessed ex-vivo microscopically six months later, using a fluorescent dead/live stain. Images of each bacterial sample were taken using a fluorescent microscope (Nikon Eclipse 80i), and further live/total cell analysis was performed using ImageJ software. Results: Following direct contact with one week of aged Infinix, more than 1 million E. faecalis bacteria were killed. Similarly, when using the saliva as inoculum, no single microorganism survived. Six-month in-vivo experiments supported these results by showing a reduction of 54%, 30% and 28% in live/total number of bacteria ratio retrieved from antibacterial composite vs. the control in volunteers #1, #2, #3 respectively. Conclusion: Within the limitations of the experimental design, the present study suggest that antibacterial activity of quaternary ammonium silica particles (QASi) is comparable to that of previously described quaternary ammonium polyethyleneimine particles (QPEI). In addition, whole saliva bacteria are effectively killed by QASi-containing composite in-vitro and in-vivo, for a period of six month at least. Long-term full-scale clinical study is needed to confirm the findings of the present study and their implication on maintaining health balance. Clinical significance: Antibacterial composites containing QASi filler is a novel class of restoratives that may contributes to caries lesion control.
AB - Background: Antibacterial composite will have a significant clinical advantage in controlling caries. This study tests the antibacterial properties of a novel bulk-fill flowable composite (Infinx™, Nobio™ Ltd.) containing quaternary ammonium silica (QASi) filler particles. Methods: Infinix™ was tested in-vitro by the direct contact test (DCT), using E. faecalis or whole saliva as inoculum. A similar formula composite without QASi served as a control. In addition, composite test samples were polymerized on three volunteers' intact buccal enamel surfaces of mandibular first premolars in a split-mouth design experiment. Traditional composite served as control (Filtek Bulk Fill Flowable, 3M). Bacterial viability on the composite surfaces weres assessed ex-vivo microscopically six months later, using a fluorescent dead/live stain. Images of each bacterial sample were taken using a fluorescent microscope (Nikon Eclipse 80i), and further live/total cell analysis was performed using ImageJ software. Results: Following direct contact with one week of aged Infinix, more than 1 million E. faecalis bacteria were killed. Similarly, when using the saliva as inoculum, no single microorganism survived. Six-month in-vivo experiments supported these results by showing a reduction of 54%, 30% and 28% in live/total number of bacteria ratio retrieved from antibacterial composite vs. the control in volunteers #1, #2, #3 respectively. Conclusion: Within the limitations of the experimental design, the present study suggest that antibacterial activity of quaternary ammonium silica particles (QASi) is comparable to that of previously described quaternary ammonium polyethyleneimine particles (QPEI). In addition, whole saliva bacteria are effectively killed by QASi-containing composite in-vitro and in-vivo, for a period of six month at least. Long-term full-scale clinical study is needed to confirm the findings of the present study and their implication on maintaining health balance. Clinical significance: Antibacterial composites containing QASi filler is a novel class of restoratives that may contributes to caries lesion control.
KW - Antibacterial
KW - Antibacterial composite
KW - Caries
KW - Composite
KW - Quaternary ammonium
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85133261866&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.jdent.2022.104209
DO - 10.1016/j.jdent.2022.104209
M3 - ???researchoutput.researchoutputtypes.contributiontojournal.article???
C2 - 35760205
AN - SCOPUS:85133261866
SN - 0300-5712
VL - 123
JO - Journal of Dentistry
JF - Journal of Dentistry
M1 - 104209
ER -