Anisotropic semivortices in dipolar spinor condensates controlled by Zeeman splitting

Bingjin Liao, Shoubo Li, Chunqing Huang, Zhihuan Luo, Wei Pang, Haishu Tan, Boris A. Malomed, Yongyao Li

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39 Scopus citations

Abstract

Spatially anisotropic solitary vortices, i.e., bright anisotropic vortex solitons (AVSs), supported by anisotropic dipole-dipole interactions, were recently predicted in spin-orbit-coupled binary Bose-Einstein condensates (BECs), in the form of two-dimensional semivortices (complexes built of zero-vorticity and vortical components). We demonstrate that the shape of the AVSs - horizontal or vertical, with respect to the in-plane polarization of the atomic dipole moments in the underlying BEC - may be effectively controlled by the strength Ω of the Zeeman splitting (ZS). A transition from the horizontal to vertical shape with the increase of Ω is found numerically and explained analytically. At the transition point, the AVS assumes the shape of an elliptical ring. The mobility of horizontal AVSs is studied, too, with the conclusion that, with the increase of Ω, their negative effective mass changes the sign to positive via a point at which the effective mass diverges. Lastly, we report a new species of inverted AVSs, with the zero-vorticity and vortex component placed in lower- and higher-energy components, as defined by the ZS. They are excited states, with respect to the ground states provided by the usual AVSs. Quite surprisingly, inverted AVSs are stable in a large parameter region.

Original languageEnglish
Article number043613
JournalPhysical Review A
Volume96
Issue number4
DOIs
StatePublished - 16 Oct 2017

Funding

FundersFunder number
US-Israel) Science Foundation2015616
National Science Foundation
National Natural Science Foundation of China11575063, 61575041, 61471123
Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province2015A030313639

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