Analysis and design of an X-band-to-W-band CMOS active multiplier with improved harmonic rejection

Nadav Mazor, Eran Socher

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

61 Scopus citations

Abstract

Third-harmonic current generation in a CMOS transistor is modeled and analyzed including the effects of large-signal clipping and high-frequency roll-off for the application of millimeter-wave (mm-wave) frequency multipliers. Using the model and introducing harmonic rejection techniques, a wideband 8.5-dBm output-power x9 frequency multiplier from X-band to W-band implemented using a 65-nm CMOS process is designed and characterized. Six transformer coupled differential stages are used, two tripler stages, a Ka-band amplifier, and a three-stage W-band power amplifier (PA). The circuit reaches a saturated output power of 8.5 dBm at 91.8 GHz with a 12.2% bandwidth from 88 to 99.5 GHz. Excellent suppression of unwanted harmonics is achieved with better than 31 dBc across all bandwidth. The core design occupies only 390 μ m,×\,675 μ m and consumes 438 mW from a 1.2-/2.4-V supply.

Original languageEnglish
Article number6493471
Pages (from-to)1924-1933
Number of pages10
JournalIEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques
Volume61
Issue number5
DOIs
StatePublished - 2013

Keywords

  • Amplifiers
  • CMOS millimeter-wave (mm-wave) frequency multiplier
  • Ka-band
  • W-band
  • X-band
  • conduction angle
  • local oscillator (LO)
  • power amplifier (PA)
  • transformers

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