TY - GEN
T1 - An epistemic characterization of zero knowledge
AU - Halpern, Joseph Y.
AU - Pass, Rafael
AU - Raman, Vasumathi
PY - 2009
Y1 - 2009
N2 - Halpern, Moses and Tuttle presented a definition of interactive proofs using a notion they called practical knowledge, but left open the question of finding an epistemic formula that completely characterizes zero knowledge; that is, a formula that holds iff a proof is zero knowledge. We present such a formula, and show that it does characterize zero knowledge. Moreover, we show that variants of the formula characterize variants of zero knowledge such as concurrent zero knowledge [Dwork, Naor, and Sahai 2004] and proofs of knowledge [Feige, Fiat, and Shamir 1987; Tompa and Woll 1987].
AB - Halpern, Moses and Tuttle presented a definition of interactive proofs using a notion they called practical knowledge, but left open the question of finding an epistemic formula that completely characterizes zero knowledge; that is, a formula that holds iff a proof is zero knowledge. We present such a formula, and show that it does characterize zero knowledge. Moreover, we show that variants of the formula characterize variants of zero knowledge such as concurrent zero knowledge [Dwork, Naor, and Sahai 2004] and proofs of knowledge [Feige, Fiat, and Shamir 1987; Tompa and Woll 1987].
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=70350645106&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1145/1562814.1562837
DO - 10.1145/1562814.1562837
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AN - SCOPUS:70350645106
SN - 9781605585604
T3 - Proceedings of the 12th Conference on Theoretical Aspects of Rationality and Knowledge, TARK '09
SP - 156
EP - 165
BT - Proceedings of the 12th Conference on Theoretical Aspects of Rationality and Knowledge, TARK '09
T2 - 12th Conference on Theoretical Aspects of Rationality and Knowledge, TARK '09
Y2 - 6 July 2009 through 8 July 2009
ER -