Acute iron intoxication: The efficacy of deferiprone and sodium biocarbonate in the prevention of iron absorption from the digestive tract

To determine whether enteral deferiprone given after a loading dose of liquid iron interferes with iron absorption from the digestive tract, prospective randomized animal study was initiated using Sprague-Dawley rats. The rats were given 20 mg elemental iron/kg as a ferrous sulfate solution+1 mEq sodium bicarbonate/kg, and then dosed orally with 150 mg deferiprone/kg immediately or after 15 min. Serum iron levels were measured at 1, 3, 5 and 24 h; feces were collected for 24 h. The 20 mg elemental iron/kg caused a significant and rapid increase in serum iron levels to >350 μg/dL within 20 min of oral dosing. Deferiprone, if given immediately after the iron, produced a significant decrease in serum iron levels and a 2-fold increase in iron excretion in feces. Effectiveness was delayed when the deferiprone was given 15 min after the iron dosing. Enteral deferiprone might be useful in preventing cases of acute iron intoxication.