Accretion onto disc galaxies via hot and rotating CGM inflows

Jonathan Stern*, Drummond Fielding, Zachary Hafen, Kung Yi Su, Nadav Naor, Claude André Faucher-Giguère, Eliot Quataert, James Bullock

*Corresponding author for this work

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

16 Scopus citations

Abstract

Observed accretion rates onto the Milky Way and other local spirals fall short of that required to sustain star formation for cosmological timescales. A potential avenue for this unseen accretion is a rotating inflow in the volume-filling hot phase (∼ 106 K) of the circumgalactic medium (CGM), as suggested by some cosmological simulations. Using hydrodynamic simulations and a new analytic solution valid in the slow-rotation limit, we show that a hot inflow spins up as it approaches the galaxy, while remaining hot, subsonic, and quasi-spherical. Within the radius of angular momentum support (∼ 15 kpc for the Milky Way) the hot flow flattens into a disc geometry and then cools from ∼ 106 to ∼ 104 K at the disc–halo interface. Cooling affects all hot gas, rather than just a subset of individual gas clouds, implying that accretion via hot inflows does not rely on local thermal instability in contrast with ‘precipitation’ models for galaxy accretion. Prior to cooling and accretion the inflow completes ≈tcool/tff radians of rotation, where tcool/tff is the cooling time to free-fall time ratio in hot gas immediately outside the galaxy. The ratio tcool/tff may thus govern the development of turbulence and enhancement of magnetic fields in gas accreting onto low-redshift spirals. We show that if rotating hot inflows are common in Milky-Way-size disc galaxies, as predicted, then signatures of the expected hot gas rotation profile should be observable with X-ray telescopes and fast radio burst surveys.

Original languageEnglish
Pages (from-to)1711-1731
Number of pages21
JournalMonthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
Volume530
Issue number2
DOIs
StatePublished - 1 May 2024

Funding

FundersFunder number
Space Telescope Science Institute
Flatiron Institute
National Science Foundation80NSSC22K0827, AST-1910965
National Aeronautics and Space Administration17-ATP17-0067, 21-ATP21-0036
Israel Science FoundationAST-2307327, AST-2108230, 2584/21, AST-1652522
CXOTM2-23005X
Simons FoundationAST-2107872

    Keywords

    • galaxies: disc
    • galaxies: evolution
    • galaxies: formation
    • galaxies: haloes
    • intergalactic medium

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