@article{8a25a685e1b0416d944d619909eb6235,
title = "Absolute and Relative Vaccine Effectiveness of Primary and Booster Series of COVID-19 Vaccines (mRNA and Adenovirus Vector) Against COVID-19 Hospitalizations in the United States, December 2021-April 2022",
abstract = "Background: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccine effectiveness (VE) studies are increasingly reporting relative VE (rVE) comparing a primary series plus booster doses with a primary series only. Interpretation of rVE differs from traditional studies measuring absolute VE (aVE) of a vaccine regimen against an unvaccinated referent group. We estimated aVE and rVE against COVID-19 hospitalization in primary-series plus first-booster recipients of COVID-19 vaccines. Methods: Booster-eligible immunocompetent adults hospitalized at 21 medical centers in the United States during December 25, 2021-April 4, 2022 were included. In a test-negative design, logistic regression with case status as the outcome and completion of primary vaccine series or primary series plus 1 booster dose as the predictors, adjusted for potential confounders, were used to estimate aVE and rVE. Results: A total of 2060 patients were analyzed, including 1104 COVID-19 cases and 956 controls. Relative VE against COVID-19 hospitalization in boosted mRNA vaccine recipients versus primary series only was 66% (95% confidence interval [CI], 55%-74%); aVE was 81% (95% CI, 75%-86%) for boosted versus 46% (95% CI, 30%-58%) for primary. For boosted Janssen vaccine recipients versus primary series, rVE was 49% (95% CI, -9% to 76%); aVE was 62% (95% CI, 33%-79%) for boosted versus 36% (95% CI, -4% to 60%) for primary. Conclusions: Vaccine booster doses increased protection against COVID-19 hospitalization compared with a primary series. Comparing rVE measures across studies can lead to flawed interpretations of the added value of a new vaccination regimen, whereas difference in aVE, when available, may be a more useful metric.",
keywords = "COVID-19, absolute vaccine effectiveness, booster vaccine series, primary vaccine series, relative vaccine effectiveness",
author = "{Influenza and Other Viruses in the Acutely Ill (IVY) Network} and Lewis, {Nathaniel M.} and Nancy Murray and Katherine Adams and Diya Surie and Manjusha Gaglani and Ginde, {Adit A.} and Tresa Mcneal and Shekhar Ghamande and Douin, {David J.} and Talbot, {H. Keipp} and Casey, {Jonathan D.} and Mohr, {Nicholas M.} and Anne Zepeski and Shapiro, {Nathan I.} and Gibbs, {Kevin W.} and Files, {D. Clark} and Hager, {David N.} and Harith Ali and Prekker, {Matthew E.} and Frosch, {Anne E.} and Exline, {Matthew C.} and Gong, {Michelle N.} and Amira Mohamed and Johnson, {Nicholas J.} and Vasisht Srinivasan and Steingrub, {Jay S.} and Peltan, {Ithan D.} and Brown, {Samuel M.} and Martin, {Emily T.} and Monto, {Arnold S.} and Lauring, {Adam S.} and Akram Khan and Hough, {Catherine L.} and Busse, {Laurence W.} and William Bender and Abhijit Duggal and Wilson, {Jennifer G.} and Gordon, {Alexandra June} and Nida Qadir and Chang, {Steven Y.} and Christopher Mallow and Carolina Rivas and Babcock, {Hilary M.} and Kwon, {Jennie H.} and Chappell, {James D.} and Natasha Halasa and Grijalva, {Carlos G.} and Rice, {Todd W.} and Stubblefield, {William B.} and Elizabeth Schwartz",
note = "Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2022 The Author(s). Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of Infectious Diseases Society of America.",
year = "2023",
month = jan,
day = "1",
doi = "10.1093/ofid/ofac698",
language = "אנגלית",
volume = "10",
journal = "Open Forum Infectious Diseases",
issn = "2328-8957",
publisher = "Oxford University Press",
number = "1",
}
