三氢化铝稳定化方法研究进展

The important value of aluminum hydride (α-AlH₃) as a high-energy fuel for solid propellants is systematically presented, while the two main factors are raised that currently hinder its wide applications in solid propellants. For the improvement of thermal stability of α-AlH₃, the intrinsic causes (thermodynamic properties) and extrinsic causes (crystal quality and purity) which induce the decomposition of α-AlH₃ are reviewed, as well as various stabilization methods, including surface coating, surface passivation and doping, etc.; furthermore, the mechanisms of the stabilization methods are summarized and the protocols are also briefed for the characterization of thermal stability. To sum up, this paper elucidates the trend of the stabilization processing of α-AlH₃, and indicates the key directions for future research as follows exploring effective coating materials, improving thermal stability and compatibility of α-AlH₃ while maintaining its combustion heat; precisely controlling the structure of coating layer on α-AlH₃ particulates, improving stability and reducing sensitivity; further investigating the stabilization mechanisms of α-AlH₃ incorporated into solid propellants.