Alexander Fantalkin's research focuses on Near Eastern archaeology and history vis-à-vis the Aegean world in the first millennium BCE, but also with earlier and later archaeological periods in the southern Levant. He has published extensively on the topics of state formation in ancient Israel; Bronze Age archaeology; Biblical archaeology and theology; Classical and Late Antique archaeology; burial customs; the Greek presence in the East before the Hellenistic period; Greek and Phoenician interactions; site-formation processes; C-14 and RHX dating; NAA pottery analyses; metal finds; and, especially, on chronological synchronization during the Iron Age from a pan-Mediterranean perspective. Since 2013 he has directed a large-scale archaeological project at the coastal site of Ashdod-Yam.