Engineering & Materials Science
Waveguides
91%
Spectroscopy
46%
Photonic crystals
39%
Lasers
36%
Erbium
25%
Photonics
25%
Fiber amplifiers
25%
Thin films
21%
Semiconductor lasers
20%
Photonic devices
19%
Surface emitting lasers
19%
Electrons
19%
Auger electron spectroscopy
19%
Laser modes
18%
Substrates
18%
Surface states
16%
Electronic structure
16%
Fibers
16%
Directional couplers
15%
Heterojunctions
14%
Superlattices
14%
Semiconductor materials
14%
Distributed feedback lasers
13%
Pumps
13%
Optical lattices
13%
Dielectric waveguides
13%
Laser resonators
13%
Temperature
13%
Distributed Bragg reflectors
12%
Wavelength
12%
High electron mobility transistors
11%
Electronic properties
11%
Erbium doped fiber amplifiers
11%
Integrated optics
11%
Ring lasers
11%
Beam propagation method
11%
Optical waveguides
11%
Spontaneous emission
11%
Metals
10%
Luminescence
10%
Metal insulator transition
10%
Injection lasers
10%
Polarization
10%
Oxides
10%
Silver halides
9%
Amplification
9%
Annealing
9%
Semiconductor quantum wells
8%
Nitrobenzene
8%
Energy gap
8%
Refractive index
8%
Desorption
8%
Crystal lattices
8%
Fiber lasers
7%
Infrared radiation
7%
Iodine
7%
Photoconductivity
7%
Electrostatic discharge
7%
Charge carriers
7%
Diffusion barriers
7%
Diffraction gratings
7%
Granular materials
7%
Conduction bands
7%
Sputtering
6%
Electric potential
6%
Fiber Bragg gratings
6%
Porphyrins
6%
Diffraction
6%
Optical properties
6%
Mirrors
6%
Chemical analysis
6%
Gaussian beams
6%
Photons
6%
Band structure
6%
Lighting
6%
Method of moments
6%
Rectangular waveguides
6%
Ridge waveguides
6%
Radiation
6%
Valence bands
6%
Depth profiling
6%
Self assembled monolayers
5%
Metal ions
5%
Solar cells
5%
Monitoring
5%
Ultrahigh vacuum
5%
Photoelectron spectroscopy
5%
Feedback
5%
Sodium chloride
5%
Impact ionization
5%
Blue shift
5%
Photoluminescence
5%
Ions
5%
Reflection high energy electron diffraction
5%
Molecules
5%
Photoemission
5%
Hot carriers
5%
Physics & Astronomy
photovoltages
100%
waveguides
44%
coupled modes
43%
spectroscopy
41%
amplifiers
31%
fibers
30%
Auger spectroscopy
25%
electron spectroscopy
25%
photonics
23%
laser arrays
21%
lasers
18%
erbium
17%
thin films
17%
cavities
16%
surface emitting lasers
16%
metals
15%
crystals
14%
propagation
13%
pumps
13%
oxides
13%
gratings
13%
formulations
13%
indium oxides
13%
waveguide lasers
12%
tetraphenyls
11%
pumping
11%
spontaneous emission
11%
electronic structure
11%
illumination
11%
oxygen
10%
semiconductor lasers
10%
Bragg reflectors
10%
luminescence
10%
discrimination
10%
heterojunctions
9%
reflectance
9%
electrons
9%
porphyrins
9%
mirrors
9%
wavelengths
9%
directional couplers
9%
optimization
9%
dielectric waveguides
9%
dividers
8%
characterization
8%
temperature
8%
high electron mobility transistors
8%
integrated optics
8%
coupling coefficients
8%
electronics
8%
oxidation
8%
output
8%
fiber lasers
8%
conductivity
8%
far fields
8%
couplers
8%
quantum wells
8%
injection lasers
7%
formalism
7%
performance
7%
silver halides
7%
electrical measurement
7%
polarization
7%
polarization (charge separation)
7%
injection locking
7%
liquid phase epitaxy
7%
optical waveguides
6%
electrical properties
6%
oxide films
6%
approximation
6%
desorption
6%
diodes
6%
ytterbium
6%
ultrahigh vacuum
6%
nitrobenzenes
6%
x ray spectroscopy
6%
thresholds
6%
traps
5%
photoluminescence
5%
photoelectric emission
5%
ridges
5%
slabs
5%
aluminum gallium arsenides
5%
photoelectron spectroscopy
5%
electron bombardment
5%
p-i-n junctions
5%
harmonic generations
5%
superlattices
5%
metal oxide semiconductors
5%
corrugated waveguides
5%
annealing
5%
photoconductivity
5%
field effect transistors
5%
dipoles
5%
conduction bands
5%
charge transfer
5%
Chemistry
Photovoltage
59%
Surface
26%
Spectroscopy
26%
Liquid Film
19%
Semiconductor
17%
Auger Electron Spectroscopy
14%
Surface State
13%
Surface Recombination
11%
Electron Particle
10%
Impact Ionization
9%
Voltage
9%
Electronic State
9%
Dipole
9%
Cladding
9%
Dielectric Material
8%
Reflectivity
8%
Metal Insulator Transition
8%
Electronic Property
7%
Illumination
7%
Conductivity
7%
Fiber
6%
Annealing
6%
Potential Barrier
6%
Luminiscence Type
6%
Oxide
5%
Electric Field
5%
Sputtering
5%
Band Gap
5%
Optical Switching
5%
Band Bending
5%
Electron Mobility
5%
Pump
5%
Photon Emission
5%
Application
5%
Schottky Barrier
5%
Velocity
5%